towards a new and extinct Eurasian maternal clade: U10

[miquirumba]

More than 10 fossils have already been found with Western Eurasians that belonged to the same maternal haplogroup derived from U2'3'4'7'8'9 and parallel to U4'9 sharing both 5999C marker. The oldest sample of this maternal clade was found in the Malalmuerzo Cave (Lecrin, Granada. Andalucia, ca 23000 BP) and published in 2023 as 2 samples from the same individual MLZ003 and MLZ005. Recently, in 2024, the complete genome of the child from Grotta delle Mura (Apulia, ca 17000 BP) was published, which belongs to the same haplogroup that I called U10 at the suggestion of a member who thought it could be the same haplogroup as the Siberian samples. Yana1 and Yana2 (ca 32000 BP) or Paglicci108 (Epigravettian Foggia, 26600 BP) but they do not share no markers with these very old samples.

the markers shared by Malalmuerzo and Grotta delle Mura that define haplogroup U10 are

10020C 15466A  6152C 16297C

These 4 variants are shared with the sample almost contemporary with Mura1 found north of Aquitaine in the Marche cave (Vienne, 16200 BP) in addition to 14152G and 16274A markers that is present in other samples from the Magdalenian, Final Paleolithic and Mesolithic from Italy and Eastern Iberia

LaMarche LMA001 Extras(11): 150T 152C 310C 5999C 6152C 6498A 10020C 14152G 15466A 16274A 16297C (16519C)


These are the samples confirmed with detected markers of the proposed haplogroup U10

U2'3'4'7'8'9a (U4’9’10) 5999C (U10) 10020C 15466A 6152C  16297C (EXTRA) 12082G 12530G Rigney1 2016 Posth,C 2016 KU534957.1 Rigney France

U2'3'4'7'8'9a (U4’9’10) 5999C (U10) 10020C 15466A  BAL003 2019 VillalbaMoucoCurrentBiology2019 doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.02.006 PRJEB30985 Direct: IntCal20 10727-9272 calBCE (10195±255 BP, Ua-34298) Balma Guilanyà (Catalonia, Lleida, Navès) Spain 42,085341 1,601683 I-P37

U2'3'4'7'8'9a (U4’9’10) 5999C (U10) 10020C 15466A  6152C UZZ096 2022 YuvandeLoosdrechtiScience2022 doi:10.1016/j.isci.2022.104244 PRJEB50762 Context: Site - Stratigraphy 8800-7800 BCE Grotta dell'Uzzo (Sicily, Trapani, San Vito Lo Capo) Italy 38,1101 12,7866 n/a (female)

U2'3'4'7'8'9a (U4’9’10) 5999C (U10) 10020C 15466A  6152C  16297C I2158 2018 MathiesonNature2018 doi:10.1038/nature25778 PRJEB22652 Context: Date(s) span on sublayer 6D above of 7943-7592 calBCE (8699±60 BP, LTL-875A), sublayers 7D below of 12268-11854 calBCE (12149±65 BP, LTL-14260A), and sublayer 7E below of 12347-11847 calBCE (12132±80 BP, LTL-873A), all calibrated as IntCal20 12350-7750 BCE Grotta d'Oriente (Sicily, Egadi Islands, Favignana Island) Italy 37,9333 12,3333 n/a (female)

U2'3'4'7'8'9a (U4’9’10) 5999C (U10) 10020C 15466A  6152C  16297C  (EXTRA) 12245C NEO694 2024 AllentoftNature2024 10.1038/s41586-023-06865-0 PRJEB64656 Direct: IntCal20 7648-7496 calBCE (8540±50 BP, Beta-261220) Santa Maira (Comunitat Valenciana, Alicante, Cocentaina) Spain 38,73 -0,463 I-S21825

U2'3'4'7'8'9a (U10) 6152C (EXTRA) 340T 988Y 508Y 9667G 10876G 15907G 16192T 16256T GPCA0396 2023 StolarekGenomeBio2023 10.1186/s13059-023-03013-629 PRJEB48333 Context: Archaeological 1000-1200 CE Santok (Lubusz Province, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Santok) Poland 52,74 15,41 L118

U2'3'4'7'8'9a (U4’9’10) 5999C (U10) 10020C 15466A  6152C  14152G (EXTRA) 13183G RIP001 2023 PosthYuNature2023 (higher coverage version of sample first reported in FuNature2016) doi:10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0 PRJEB51862 Direct: IntCal20 15026-14560 calBCE (13790±60 BP, MAMS-27188(R-EVA1606)) Riparo Tagliente (Nord-Est, Veneto, Stallavena di Grezzana) Italy 45,5405501 11,0056531

U2'3'4'7'8'9a (U4’9’10) 5999C (U10) 10020C 15466A  6152C STO001 2023 PosthYuNature2023 doi:10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0 PRJEB51862 Direct: IntCal20 11627-11397 calBCE (11590±40 BP, Beta-541772) San Teodoro (Sicily, Messina) Italy 37,8478 14,6937 n/a (female)

U2'3'4'7'8'9a (U4’9’10) 5999C (U10) 10020C 15466A  6152C  16297C LMA001 2023 PosthYuNature2023 10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0 PRJEB51862 Direct: IntCal20 16273-15958 calBCE (14750±50 BP, MAMS-51338) La Marche (Nouvelle-Aquitaine Region, Vienne Department) France 46,4073896 0,6603903 n/a

U2'3'4'7'8'9a (U4’9’10) 5999C (U10) 10020C 15466A  6152C  14152G (EXTRA) 13183G MAZ003 2023 PosthYuNature2023 10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0 PRJEB51862 Direct: IntCal20 13804-13407 calBCE (13010±50 BP, MAMS-50924) Maszycka (Lesser Poland Voivodeship, powiat wielicki) Poland 49,9846 20,2846 M130

[Capsian20]

Interesting , it's this subclade U10 new ? what do you think about TMRCA this subclade , i hope MitoDiscover adding this new subclade

[miquirumba]

Hi Capsian, I am building a Google U haplogroup map following your advice. It's only a demo, I revisited U2'3'4'7'8'9 with extra variants although I have several issues with geo coordinates in a few samples

https://www.google.com/maps/d/edit?mid=1...96875&z=10

I think U10 could be so ancient as U4 or more, there are 4 markers shared with all ancient remains belonging to this clade

[Capsian20]

Hello miquirumba indeed there issues with geo coordinates in a few samples but i think is not a big problem
your map its more professioneller for me is better than my map because i dont add Y-DNA and ......

[miquirumba]

Hello miquirumba indeed there issues with geo coordinates in a few samples but i think is not a big problem
your map its more professioneller for me is better than my map because i dont add Y-DNA and ......

you can also do the same with your map. it's easy to download new AADR table
https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xh...DVN/FFIDCW
then sort extended by maternal haplogroup, cut and delete columns you don't need and create a new column to extra markers
I did with libre office and google sheets in only one day and helped a lot to sort extra markers when I had to classify new detected markers

[Capsian20]

Hello miquirumba indeed there issues with geo coordinates in a few samples but i think is not a big problem
your map its more professioneller for me is better than my map because i dont add Y-DNA and ......

you can also do the same with your map. it's easy to download new AADR table
https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xh...DVN/FFIDCW
then sort extended by maternal haplogroup, cut and delete columns you don't need and create a new column to extra markers
I did with libre office and google sheets in only one day and helped a lot to sort extra markers when I had to classify new detected markers

thanks you i will try today

[miquirumba]

3 new samples from El Miron Cave which belonged to another U10 branch!

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PM...gure/Fig6/

"We observe that the three mtDNA sequences from El Mirón sediment samples from levels 121,122, and 126 (in blue) are located together and close to the individual from la Cueva de Malalmuerzo (brown)75 and another individual from Rigney (France) (pink)43. El Mirón samples have long branches, suggesting an excess of substitutions added, a product of originating from multiple individuals."

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11696082/

close to a new (extincted) haplogroup

[miquirumba]

It seems that 15466A and 6152C are the ancestral markers common to all U10 samples. ElMiron_18 has also 10020C confirmed and ElMiron_1 has 10020C 54 reads vs. 48 T reads (53% vs. 47%). ElMiron_14 has 6 reads 16297C and none of another alleles

[miquirumba]

FTDNA has updated Mitotree and has identified a new haplogroup parallel to U9, which they have named U10, with these variants: https://discover.familytreedna.com/mtdna...n=variants. It has nothing to do with the extinct haplogroup we are discussing in this thread. We will study a new designation in accordance with advances in the new MT Haplotree

[Capsian20]

FTDNA has updated  Mitotree and has identified a new haplogroup parallel to U9, which they have named U10, with these variants: https://discover.familytreedna.com/mtdna...n=variants. It has nothing to do with the extinct haplogroup we are discussing in this thread. We will study a new designation in accordance with advances in the new MT Haplotree

Interesting its seems to me this subclade is more Near Eastern

[miquirumba]

FTDNA has updated  Mitotree and has identified a new haplogroup parallel to U9, which they have named U10, with these variants: https://discover.familytreedna.com/mtdna...n=variants. It has nothing to do with the extinct haplogroup we are discussing in this thread. We will study a new designation in accordance with advances in the new MT Haplotree

Interesting its seems to me this subclade is more Near Eastern

only 2 samples from Azebaijan and 3 unknown. Surely, Caucasian Hunter-Gatherer relic

https://discover.familytreedna.com/mtdna/U10/tree

[Kale]

Kotias_UP (NEO283) should be on ftdna's new U9'10 branch via T14094C.
https://genarchivist.net/showthread.php?...4#pid27124