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M46 is branch of mtDNA, uniting Tibet & coast near Andamans, that is, mtDNA M13'46'61
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4.2.7 Haplogroup M46
”M46 is an ancient haplogroup, dates to ~52.6 ka (Figure 52) and is divided into two subclades M46a (dates to ~2.7 ka) and M46b (dates to ~16 ka). M46 is restricted to the MSEA region: M46a is seen in Thailand (Dancause et al., 2009; Pradutkanchana and Kimura 2010) and Myanmar (Li et al., 2015), while M46b is found in Cambodia (Zhang et al., 2013) and Myanmar (this study). the low number samples within this rare haplogroup suggests clearly a heavy drift that maybe happen because the population subdivision in MSEA especially in Thailand.”
 
In "Human population history at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia since 11,000 years ago", just one minority Fujianese from a hilly hinterland of the northern coast  (Fujian Province, China) and one “more indigenous” Cambodia-shifted Thailand’s individual, who carried a mutaton, related to mtDNA M46, formed a cline with Ikawazu Jomon. The age 52600 years ago (the partition of mtDNA M46 branches) is slightly older than the age of ca.50000 years ago, which is the age of the separation of the Andaman Islands’ branch of yDNA D-M174 (located less than 150 km off Myanmar’s coast) and the branch, named yDNA D-M64 (which is maximized in the Ainu population of the Hokkaido Island and was claimed to be present in the rarest indigenous Ainu individual, living outside Japan).However, one should caution that the different sort of a small Jomonese affinity of the Ami and Atayal Austronesians of Taiwan near Fujian (for example, in Gakuhari et al, 2020)  likely appeared due to the fact that the Late Neolithic ancient Xitoucun population, which influenced the Taiwanese population, had a certain Jomon affinity in some of its members, and the late lineage of migrants (Korea-related mtDNA A5) clustered with Late Neolithic Xitoucun in "Human population history at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia since 11,000 years ago". Such late migrations via Korea and backmigrations to Korea and Japan should also explain the appearance of yDNA D-M64 population-related component in one of deeply diverged ancient Taiwanese individuals in "Human population history at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia since 11,000 years ago", which means that a backmigration probably brought such a deeply diverged Taiwanese ancestry to Korea and Japan starting from the Late Neolithic period, while yDNA NO populations were not related to such deeply diverged ancestry from Taiwan, which inadvertently calls to one’s mind the existence of carriers of fossil jaws (Penghu 1) belonging to an extinct hominin species of the genus Homo from Taiwan (“local Denisovan”-related), etc.
 
Interestingly, mtDNA M46 also carries the extremely widely distributed mutation T146C!, consequently, one might similarly dream that his ancient population was at its minimum a substratum to other populations of Asia and the world, which cannot be justified in such a way.
 
Other branches of yDNA D-M174 also separated ca. 50000 years ago.
 
mtDNA M13a branch of mtDNA M13’46’61 is associated with the populations, deriving from of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, but mtDNA M13 as a whole should have had the basal mtDNA M13* branch, which separated to Siberia ca.50000 years ago, according to “Maternal genetic history of ancient Tibetans over the past 4000 years”.
 
Accroding to “Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Origins and Genetic Structure of the Neolithic Shimao Population in Northern China”, mtDNA M61 (another branch of mtDNA M13’46’61) is present in 16% of the Lachungpa population of India’s Sikkim, who should speak the Denjongke language of Sikkim. The Dejongke language was studied in Japan, because this language has a phonetic feature of “breathy voice”, which is also in some West African languages and Tsumkwe Juʼhoan, one of languages of the putative Khoisan language family (Khoikhoi+San). However, the rare mtDNA M61 population was not related to yDNA K2a-related populations, which include speakers of Sino-Tibetan languages from China.
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