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Haplogroup L1-M22 traces Neolithic expansion in West Asia
#1
Human Y chromosome haplogroup L1-M22 traces Neolithic expansion in West Asia and supports the Elamite and Dravidian connection

Pathak, A.K., Simonian, H., Aziz Ibrahim, I.A., Hrechdakian, P., Behar, D.M., Ayub, Q., Arsanov, P., Metspalu, E., Yepiskoposyan, L., Rootsi, S., Endicott, P., Villems, R., Sahakyan, H., , ISCIENCE (2024) 
doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2024.110016
https://www.cell.com/iscience/pdf/S2589-...1241-0.pdf

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Highlights 
• The Y chromosome haplogroup L1-M22 originated in West Asia around 20,600 years ago.  
• A group of L1-M22 harboring population expanded with West Asian Neolithic transition.  
• Another one moved to South Asia, likely participating in Dravidian languages’ spread.  
• Their descendants expanded in South Asia around 4,000 to 3,000 years ago.  

Summary West and South Asian populations profoundly influenced Eurasian genetic and cultural diversity. We investigate the genetic history of the Y chromosome haplogroup L1-M22, which, while prevalent in these regions, lacks in-depth study. Robust Bayesian analyses of 165 high-coverage Y chromosomes favor a West Asian origin for L1-M22 ∼20.6 thousand years ago (kya). Moreover, this haplogroup parallels the genome-wide genetic ancestry of hunter-gatherers from the Iranian Plateau and the Caucasus. We characterized two L1-M22 harboring population groups during the Early Holocene. One expanded with the West Asian Neolithic transition. The other moved to South Asia ∼8-6 kya but showed no expansion. This group likely participated in the spread of Dravidian languages. These South Asian L1-M22 lineages expanded ∼4-3 kya, coinciding with the Steppe ancestry introduction. Our findings advance the current understanding of Eurasian historical dynamics, emphasizing L1-M22’s West Asian origin, associated population movements, and possible linguistic impacts.
DevourerOfCheese likes this post
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#2
One major contribution of the paper is the scientifically correct concept and definition of Caucasus/Iranian hunter-gatherers (CIHG), a big and complex population extremely important because that original population expanded to all directions, to the East in Central Asia, South Asia, Pakistan, Afghanistan and India, to the North in Eastern Europe and the steppe, to the West in Anatolia and the Mediterranean Sea, to the South in the Levant, Arabia and Northeast Africa.
Caucasus/Iranian hunter-gatherers (CIHG) was the motor of history and CIHG-related genome-wide ancestry had a big diversity of Y-DNA haplogroups. Of course L and J had different locations and J1 had a different position than J2 (J2a + J2b), even J1 basal clades had different geographic locations than J1-P58 downstream clades.
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#3
South Indian L1-M22 expansion is attributed to Pallava dynasty of 275 to 897 CE. There are records to show some early rulers were there in Gujarat and later Andhra (in South). The South Indian castes having L1a except ones in Kerala are attributed to this expansion of Pallava and their feudatories like Nolambas and Kadavas. This paper doesn't take historical records of South India or the aDNA found in Iran into consideration while make wild assertions about Iran neolithic and IVC. There is no notable number of L1a found in Iran other than L1-357 which is an earlier version of L1a that cooccurs with H1 in Shahr-e-Sokhta IVC periphery. The earlier consensus was that L1a spread in North India during Kushan rule 150CE and the layer Naga kingdoms into few other places before expanding into South India with the Pallava dynasty
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Salkhit 625 SNP, Otzi 803 SNP, Mik15 798 SNP, RISE493 1335 SNP, I11456 1024 SNP, I7718 980 SNP, I9041 512S
Target: tipirneni:dante
Chebyshev distance: 0.64%
79.0 IRN_SIS_BA2
12.4 ITA_Daunian
8.6 Poland_Viking.SG
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#4
(01-08-2025, 05:04 PM)tipirneni Wrote: South Indian L1-M22 expansion is attributed to Pallava dynasty of 275 to 897 CE. There are records to show some early rulers were there in Gujarat and later Andhra (in South). The South Indian castes having L1a except ones in Kerala are attributed to this expansion of Pallava and their feudatories like Nolambas and Kadavas. This paper doesn't take historical records of South India or the aDNA found in Iran into consideration while make wild assertions about Iran neolithic and IVC. There is no notable number of L1a found in Iran other than L1-357 which is an earlier version of L1a that cooccurs with H1 in Shahr-e-Sokhta IVC periphery. The earlier consensus was that L1a spread in North India during Kushan rule 150CE and the layer Naga kingdoms into few other places before expanding into South India with the Pallava dynasty

how is Kerala in an exception my friend?....can you please elaborate?
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